Anemia in Children
Anemia is the loss or destruction of red blood cells in the blood or both simultaneously. A lack of hemoglobin and red blood cells leads to a decrease in oxygen supply to the tissues. Normal hemoglobin usually varies between 120g/dl, equal to 72 units, although it depends on age. (A complete blood count determines hemoglobin).
Anemia is quite common in adults and especially in children. Iron deficiency, vitamin deficiency and protein deficiency anemia are the most common in children. In newborns, hemolytic anemia and anemia of prematurity are common. According to a study by the World Health Organization, the rate of anemia in the population is 30%. Notably, 45% of those with anemia are children. The same percentage was found due to an unhealthy diet, such as the consumption of fast food, carbonated drinks, large quantities of sweets and all unhealthy foods.
- Blood loss (injuries, wounds)
- Inadequate nutrition
- Frequent illnesses
- Stomach ailments
- Bacterial infection
- Leukemia
- Sepsis
- Leishmaniasis
Anemia - Symptoms
In the initial stages of the disease, there are no apparent symptoms, but in severe anemia, weakness, tachycardia, dizziness, nausea, hair loss, muscle pain, tooth decay, urinary incontinence, enlarged liver and spleen appear. The child is pale, lacking energy, irritable, tires easily when playing games, slips behind at school, learns poorly verbally, suffers from insomnia or, conversely, excessive sleepiness.
How Is the Anemia Treated?
Treatment depends on the type of anemia. The most common form of anemia, iron deficiency anemia, is treated mainly with medication. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the anemia, and it is vital to see a doctor early to avoid further complications and lengthy treatment.
Proper Nutrition for Anemia
Child food should be adapted to suit the age; therefore, it is essential to follow the pediatrician’s advice. The usefulness of the food does not depend on its excessive amount; it depends on its composition and the correct intake. Your child needs foods rich in iron and vitamins, for example:
- Red meat from cattle and poultry
- Seafood
- Beans
- Dark green vegetables (spinach)
- Dried fruits (sultanas and apricots)
- Grains rich in iron (bread and pasta)
- Peas
New Hospitals Child Health Centre offers 24-hour pediatric services. Contact us: 032 2 190 190 190
